Plow.



J. BUCHANAN.

PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED Aua.n. 1915.-

1,250,962. Patented m. 25,1917.

Fig. 1

onion JUIDSON BUCHANAN, OF CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE.

PLOW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 25, 1917.

Application filed August 17, 1915. Serial No.45,910.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jonson BUCHANAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chattanooga, in the county of Hamilton-and State ofTennessee, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plows, of whichthe following is a specification, reference being bad to theaccompanying drawing.

My improvement relates particularly to plows having at one side astationary moldboard and at the other side a stationary, upright landside and having a share forward of the moldboard and the land side andhaving above the share and along the front of the moldboard a cast metalshin piece with one surface curved to conform to the general curvatureof the share and the moldboard and with another surface which is flatand conforms to the flat outer face of the land side of the adjacentportion of the share.

One object of the invention is to produce a structure the parts of whichare well adapted to convenient assembly and to the convenient removal ofparts most frequently requiring repairing or replacing. A further objectof the invention is to so shape the shin piece as to impart to it thegreatest possible strength while it is at the same time made extremelyhard, such hardness being essential to avoid reduction by wear.

7 In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is an oblique side view of the moldboard side of a plowembodying my improvement, the handles and the beam being broken off; Y

Fig. 2 is a view of the moldboard side of the plow base, the handleshaving been entirely removed;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line, 3-3, of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line, 44t, of Fi 2' Fig. 5 is a view of theland side side of the shin piece detached from the plow;

Fig. 6 is a view of the shin piece from the opposite direction.

Referring to said drawings, A is the frog or standard, B is the share, Ois the land side, D is the moldboard, and E is the shin iece.

p The moldboard side of the frog, A, is curved to conform to the forwardportion of the moldboard, the shin piece, and the share. The lowerportion of the opposite side of the frog conforms to the inner face ofthe land side and to the adjacent portions of the shin piece and theshare. The moldboard is secured to the frog by means of bolts, 1, 1,extending through said members. The land side, O, is secured to the frogby means of bolts, 2, 2, extending through said members. The share, B,is secured to the frog by means of a bolt, 3, extending through saidmembers at the moldboard side of the plow.

On the moldboard side of the plow, the shin piece has a flange, 4, onwhich is an outer curved face forming a continuation of the outer faceof the adjacent portion of the moldboard and share; and on the land sideof the plow, the shin piece has an uplying in the plane of the outerface of the land side and of the land side face of the share, so thatsaid three faces form a continuous straight and'upright face. On themoldboard side, the shin piece extends from the upper edge of the shareupward as high as the upper edge of the forward portion of themoldboard, and said flange of the shin right flange, 6, having an outerflat face piece is oflapproximately uniform width from the share upward.On the land side side of the plow, the flange, 6, of the shin pieceextends downward between the share and the land side, even withthe loweredgesof said members. Said extended portion forms a tongue, 7', whichrests flatwise against the adjacent portion of the frog, A, and issecured thereto by means of a bolt, 8, penetrating said extension andthe frog.

The flanges, 4 and 6, stand at an acute angle to each other, and becauseof the presence of said flanges in such form, the shin piece is achannel member or angle member, the flanges being relatively thin andseparated by a' V-shape roove or channel.

The forward edge of the frog, A, extends into said channel. At the upperportion of said edge the frog has a forward extension forming adownward-directed shoulder, 9, and the adjacent portion of the flange,6, is cut away to form a corresponding upwarddirected shoulder, 10, theshoulder, 9, constituting an abutment against which the shoulder,10,bears. This engagement prevents upward movement of the shin piece, andthe engagement of the rear edges of the flanges, 4 and 6. with theforward edges of the land side, the moldboard, and the frog, and theengagement of the frog with the shin piece in said channel preventrearward movement of the shin piece under the great stresses applied tosaid shin piece while the plow i" being forced through the ground andagaii obstructions in or on the ground. These en 'agements are of suchnature and so efficient as to overcome practically all stresses tendingto remove the shin piece during the operation of the plow, so that thebolt, 8, need only resist unimportant stresses applied to the shin piecein other directions.

Nhen it is desired to remove the shin piece, it is released by theremoval of the bolt, 8. I'Vhen that bolt has been removed, the shinpiece free from all the other parts of the plow and may be removedwithout disturbing other parts.

In the use of the plow, the shin piece is not only subjected to greatstrains, but also to grinding and blows against stone and other hardobjects; and, in order to work satisfactorily, the shin piece shouldconstantly present a sharp front edge. These conditions make itdesirable that the metal of the shin piece be extremely hard. Suchhardness is attained by chilling, and this process makes the cast ironbrittle. Th greater the degree of hardness thus attained, the morereadily will the metal fracture. Furthermore, the casting operationcomprising the element of chilling can be done best if the metal is notthick. But, obviously, the thinner the metal is, the more easily it willbreak.

In my improved structure, the shin piece has two thin parts (theflanges, l and 6,) combined and opposed to each other in such manner asto make the resulting shin piece strong, although it is composed ofmetal rendered brittle by chilling and the parts are thin incross-section.

The flange, I, is thin and brittle and would, by itself, break undermoderate stresses; and the flange, 6, is also thin and brittle andwould. by itself, break under moderate stresses. But, by being joinedeach is given the benefit of the cross-sectional area of the other, andbeing oined at their forward edges to form a channeled piece which isangular in cross-section, each flange lends support to the other,stresses applied to either flange sidewise or in the direction of thethickness (and not in the direction of the width) being appliedapproximately through the width of the other flange.

Furthermore, as above indicated, such chilling can be best accomplishedwhen the part to be chilled is not thick. This is an added reason forforming the channel whereby the thin flanges are produced. In cast ingthe shin pieces, two chills and a core are used, the chills being placedto form the outer faces of the flanges, a and 6, and the core beingplaced to form the groove or channel between the flanges.

Obviously the greater strains tending to fracture the shin piecetransversely are applied between the two ends of the shin piece. Hence Ihave developed the two flanges through that region of the shin piece.The flange, 6, is not so fully developed above the shoulder, 10; but Ihave found by trial and experimenting that that portion of the shinpiece is above the region exposed to the greater stresses.

Extended trial of the shin piece in the form shown has made it clearthat in this form the metal may be made very hard and well adapted,notwithstanding such hardness, to severe usagewithout the previousfractures.

I claim as my invention,

1. In a plow structure of the nature described, the combination with afrog or standard, a moldboard, a land side, and a share secured to thefrog, of a shin piece lo cated upon the front of the frog above theshare and in front of the moldboard and the land side and comprising twoflanges highly hardened on their outer faces and joined to each other atthe front and both eX- tending over substantially the length of the shinpiece and both bearing against the frog, and one having its outer facein the plane of the outer face of the land side and the other having itsouter face curved and conforming to the adjacent outer face of themoldboard, whereby said shin piece is made V-shape in cross-section, andmeans for detachably securing the shin piece to said frog, substantiallyas described.

2. In a plow structure of the nature described, the combination with afrog or standard, moldboard, a land side, and a share secured to thefrog, of a shin piece located upon the front of the frog above the shareand in front of the moldboard and the land side and comprising twoflanges highly hardened on their outer faces and joined to each other atthe front and both extending over substantially the length of the shinpiece and both bearing against the frog, and one having its outer facein the plane of the outer face of the land side and the other having itsouter face curved and con forming to the adjacent outer face of themoldboard, whereby said shin piece is made V-shape in cross-section, andthe landside flange being extended downward to form a tongue, and meansfor detachably securing said tongue to said frog, substantially as described.

3. In a plow structure of the nature described, the ccmbination with afrog or standard having a shoulder, a moldboard, a land side, and ashare secured to the frog, of a shin piece locatedupon the front of thefrog above the share and in front of the moldboard and the land side andcomprising two flanges highly hardened on their outer faces and joinedto each other at the front and both extending over-substantially thelength of the shin piece and both bearing against the frog, and onehaving its outer face in the plane of the outer face of the land sideand having a shoulder and the other having its outer face curved andconforming to the adj acent'outer face of the moldboard,wherebysaid shinpiece is made V-shape in cross-section, and means for detachablysecuring the shin piece to said frog, substantially as described.

4. In a plow structure of the nature described, the combination with afrog or standard having a shoulder, a moldboard, a land side, and ashare secured to the frog, of a shin piece locatedupon the front of thefrog above the share and in front-of the moldboard and the land side andcomprising two flanges highly hardened on their outer faces and joinedto each other at the front and both extending over substantially thelength of the shin piece and both bearing against the frog, and onehaving its outer face in the plane of the outer face of the land sideand having a shoulder and the other having its outer face curved andconforming to the adj acent outer face of the moldboard,whereb-y saidshin piece is made V-shape in cross-section, and the landside flangebeing extended downward to form a tongue, and means for detachablysecuring said tongue to said frog, substantially as described.

5. In a plow structure of the nature described, the combination with afrog or standard, a moldboard, a land side, and a share secured to thefrog, of a shin piece located upon the front of the frog above the shareand in front of the moldboard and the land side and comprising twoflanges highly hardened on their outer faces and joined to each other atthe front and both extending over substantially the length of the shinpiece and both bearing against the frog, and receiving the forwardportion of the frog between them and one having its outer face in theplane of the outer face of the land side and the other having its outerface curved and conforming to the adjacent outer face of the moldboardand means for detachably securing the shin piece to said frog,substantially as described.

6. In a plow structure of the nature described, the combination with afrog or standard, a moldboard, a land side, and a share secured to thefrog, of a shin piece located upon the front of the frog above the shareand in front of the moldboardand the land side and comprising twoflanges highly hardened on their outer faces and joined to each other atthe front and one having its outer face in the plane of the outer faceof the land side and the other having its outer face curved andconforming to the adjacent outer face of the moldboard, whereby saidshin piece is made V-shape in cross-section, and the land side flangebeing extended downward to form a tongue extending downward over thefrog even with the lower edge of the land side and the lower edge of theshare, and means for detachably securing said'tongue to said frog,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name this 31 day of July, in theyear one thousand nine hundred and fifteen.

J UDSON BUCHANAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Eatents, Washington, D. O."

